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Lesser Men
All humans, East, West, North, or South, were apart of the Atani. Humans first appeared in the east and spread westwards, with some eventually crossing the Blue Mountains into Beleriand. The entry for Atani in the The Silmarillion index reads:
Atani 'The Second People'
Men (singular Atan). Since in Beleriand for a long time the only Men known to the Noldor and Sindar were those of the Three Houses of the Elf-friends, this name (in the Sindarin form Adan, plural Edain) became specially associated with them, so that it was seldom applied to other Men who came later to Beleriand, or who were reported to be dwelling beyond the Mountains. But in the speech of Ilúvatar the meaning is 'Men (in general)'.
(Humans were 'the second people' because Elves were the Firstborn.)
The Rohirrim:
The Rohirrim came from North of the Misty Mountains, and posed a threat to Gondor (the North Kingdom of the former Numenoreans). Rohan and Gondor were at war before Eorl 1 made peace and eventually an alliance with Gondor. Rohan have aided Gondor in many wars, as has Gondor aided Rohan. They became closer allies after the War of The Ring when Eowyn of Rohan married Faramir Prince of Ithilien.
The Haradrim & Southrons:
The Haradrim and Southrons were hardy men who came from lands to the south of Mordor. Throughought the centuries, they became intermingled with Numenoreans whom had travelled south. During the dark years they worshipped and made alliance with Sauron. This led to a hatred of the men of the west (Gondor) and continous warefare. They only made piece with Gondor after Sauron's final defeat and the crowning of King Elessar of Gondor and Arnor (Aragorn son of Arathorn). Although they made piece, they never made any alliance.
Men to the south of the Haradwaith:
Little is known of these people. They are fierce in battle, have white eyes and are the only black skinned humans in Middle-Earth. After Sauron's defeat, they never made piece with Gondor, nor lost their hatred for it.
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